In the spring of 1927, the United States Post Office requested bids on a contract to deliver mail from Key West, Florida to Havana, Cuba before 19 October 1927. Operating in Colombia since 1920, SCADTA lobbied hard for landing rights in the Panama Canal Zone, ostensibly to survey air routes for a connection to the United States, which the Air Corps viewed as a precursor to a possible German aerial threat to the canal. Pan American Airways, Incorporated (PAA) was founded as a shell company on March 14, 1927, by United States Army Air Corps officers Henry "Hap" Arnold, Carl Spaatz and John Jouett out of concern for the growing influence of the German-owned Colombian air carrier SCADTA, in Central America. "Birthplace of Pan American World Airways", Key West, Florida 1.9.10 Fallout from 1990–91 Persian Gulf War.1.9.9 Failed bid for Northwest Airlines.1.9.8 Financial, operational and reputational setbacks.1.9.6 Establishment of local feeder networks.1.9.3 Disposal of non-core assets and operational cutbacks.
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1.5 Computerized reservations, Pan Am Building and Worldport.1.3 Post-war expansion and modernization.The airline's name and imagery were purchased by railroad holding company Guilford Transportation Industries in 1998, which changed its name to Pan Am Systems and adopted Pan Am's logo. Its brand, iconography, and contributions to the industry remain well known in the 21st century. By the time it ceased operations, the airline's trademark was the second most recognized worldwide, and its loss was felt among travelers and many Americans as signifying the end of the golden age of air travel. After several attempts at financial restructuring and rebranding throughout the 1980s, Pan Am gradually sold off its assets before declaring bankruptcy in 1991.
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Pan Am was a founding member of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the global airline industry association, and helped shape the industry standard in hospitality and customer service.īeginning in the mid-1970s, Pan Am began facing a series of challenges both internal and external, along with rising competition from the deregulation of the airline industry in 1978. In an era dominated by flag carriers that were wholly or majority-owned by governments, it became the unofficial national carrier of the United States. In 1970 alone, it flew 11 million passengers to 86 countries, with destinations in every continent save Antarctica. ĭuring its peak between the late 1950s and early 1970s, Pan Am was world renowned for its advanced fleet, experienced and highly trained staff, and numerous amenities. Kennedy International Airport in New York City. Its primary hub and flagship terminal was the Worldport at John F. Pan Am's modern fleet allowed it to fly larger numbers of passengers, at a longer range, and with fewer stops than rivals. It led the aircraft industry into the Jet Age by acquiring new jetliners such as the Boeing 707 and Boeing 747. By the mid-20th century, Pan Am enjoyed a near monopoly on international routes. Under the leadership of American entrepreneur Juan Trippe, in the 1930s the airline purchased a fleet of flying boats and focused its route network on Central and South America, gradually adding transatlantic and transpacific destinations. Army Air Corps majors, Pan Am began as a scheduled airmail and passenger service flying between Key West, Florida, and Havana, Cuba.
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Until its dissolution in 1991, Pan Am "epitomized the luxury and glamour of intercontinental travel", and it remains a cultural icon of the 20th century, identified by its blue globe logo ("The Blue Meatball"), the use of the word " Clipper" in its aircraft names and call signs, and the white uniform caps of its pilots.įounded in 1927 by two former U.S. It was the first airline to fly worldwide and pioneered numerous innovations of the modern airline industry, such as jet aircraft, jumbo jets, and computerized reservation systems. Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States for much of the 20th century. 86 countries on all six major continents at its peak in 1968